Introduction
Oops is popularly known as an object-oriented programming language. Some pronounce it as OOPM- object-oriented programming and methodology.
Oops is widely used along with programming languages these days as it has changed the ways to deal with programs in the easiest and most real ways.
Oops consists of real-world entities and encourages programs to be divided in objects that are real-world entities.
Why oops is important these days for engineering students?
Oops provides programmers to deal with real world problems by using real world entities known as objects.
- It is more secure than procedural programming languages.
- It provides code reusability
- It provides security
- It provides proper authentication, authorization, and validation.
- It is easy to code
- It provides more clearer understanding of real-world entities.
- It provides many features like inheritance, encapsulation, abstraction, and polymorphism.
- It can easily be integrated with procedural programming languages.
Which languages use oops concept
Many programming languages uses the concept of object-oriented programming and methodology.
Below mentioned are some programming languages
- C++
- Java
- JavaScript
- C#
- Ruby
- PHP
- TypeScript
- Kotlin
- R
Components and features of Oops
Oops uses the concept of an object as the name suggests object-oriented programming simplifies the process of the software development lifecycle and maintenance it consists of different types of components like object, class, features- inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, and encapsulation.
Apart from this concept, many more concepts are used in OOPS these days for example coupling, Association, aggregation, cohesion, and composition.
Let us see all these components and features one by one:
Objects: it is a real-world entity for example a door, pen, book pencil, or anything.
Class: A class is a group of objects. They are also known as blueprints and templates.
Inheritance: Inheritance is one of the pillars of the oops which provides a code reusability feature. As the name one class inherits the property of another class or its superclass.
Polymorphism: Polymorphism is the short abbreviation for poly means many forms and shapes. The object has many forms. For example, a man can be a husband, father, or son.
Encapsulation: It binds all data into a single unit.
For example, you can imagine it as a capsule a doctor gave you that encapsulates all medicine ingredients.
Abstraction: Abstraction focuses on showing only essential details to the user and not showing unnecessary details.
Coupling: Coupling means one class is having a full knowledge of another class and there comes the strong bond called coupling between them.
Association: Association represents the relationship between the objects. Here, one object can be associated with one object or many objects. There can be four types of association between the objects:
- One to One
- One to Many
- Many to One, and
- Many to Many
Aggregation: It represents the weak relationship between objects. It is also termed as a has-a relationship in Java.
Cohesion: Cohesion refers to the level of a component that performs a single well-defined task. A single well-defined task is done by a highly cohesive method.
Composition: There is a strong relationship between the containing object and the dependent object. It is the state where containing objects do not have an independent existence. If you delete the parent object, all the child objects will be deleted automatically.
Access modifiers: Access modifiers decide access to the particular class to data members or objects you can say.
Constructors: these are functions in oops which has same name as class name. It has no return type. It is only used with public access modifier.
Conclusion:
Oops is widely used with different programming languages C++ is a procedural and oops programming language however java is a purely object-oriented programming language. This is a small guide on oops concepts where there is a brief about some important topics that come under oops however there are a lot more in detail which is not mentioned under this blog as it is only to walk you through the overview of oops concepts and it’s importance to know more in detail about each and every feature of oops refer to another blog which covers all topics in depth in oops. Hope this guide helps and makes you understand the term “oops and its importance”.
FAQs
- I want to be placed in a product-based company. Should I learn oops?
Ans. Yes, oops is the heart of any problems to be solved with programming languages. It helps candidates in problem-solving.
- Why concepts of oops are asked in every technical interview?
Ans. Oops is secure, code reusable, and easy to understand. That is why it is asked in every technical interview.
- Is C++ purely an oops language?
Ans. No, it uses the concept of both procedural and oops language
- What are the features of oops?
Ans. There are 4 features of Oops
- Inheritance
- Encapsulation
- Abstraction
- Polymorphism
- I know Java language. Can I learn and implement oops concept in this?
Ans. Yes, java is nothing without oops as it is considered as a purely java object-oriented programming language.
